In developed countries, nearly 75% of people consult a doctor at least once for back pain.Nine out of 10 people will experience back pain at least once in their lives.Most commonly, back problems affect people between the ages of thirty and fifty, that is, people of active working age.More than one-third of all patients who visit the clinic complain of back pain.There are effective medications to relieve pain.
Types of back pain
Back pain is acute if it is located in the spine and begins within six weeks.Severe pain can be unbearable, but in many cases it is a relatively benign symptom that can be treated.With timely treatment, patients can resume professional activities within 1 month.
If pain persists for more than six weeks, it becomes chronic, which is an equally dangerous problem because the quality of life of working-age patients deteriorates significantly.Ten percent of patients suffer from chronic back pain.
reason
It is worth noting that the reasons for the development of pathological processes in the back have been well studied.Back pain can be caused by risk factors and developed diseases.Most commonly, back and spine pain occurs when:
- overweight;
- Muscle strain;
- Intervertebral joint injuries;
- spasms;
- low temperature;
- osteochondrosis;
- Disc herniations and herniations;
- Neuralgia.
It is known that excess weight significantly increases the load on the musculoskeletal system: for every unit increase in body mass index, the load on the lumbar spine increases by forty kilograms.A sedentary lifestyle, prolonged static positions with incorrect posture, and lack of physical activity can lead to acute and chronic back pain.
osteochondrosis
The leading cause of back pain is osteochondrosis of the spine.Spinal osteochondrosis is a pathological destructive process that occurs in the intervertebral discs.As the disease progresses, adjacent vertebral bodies, intervertebral joints, and the ligaments that support the spine become involved in the degenerative process.
Initially, the process takes place in the core of the disc, which becomes less elastic due to loss of water.These processes in relatively localized areas of the spinal segments lead to inevitable changes in adjacent vertebrae and intervertebral joints, ultimately impairing the mobility of the entire spine.
herniated disc
Lumbar disc herniation is the most common.The patient experiences back pain that radiates to the legs, buttocks, reaches the feet, or is localized to the inner thighs.
Liquidity is limited.Impaired sensitivity manifests itself as burning and stinging sensations.
neuralgia
Muscle neuralgia can be diagnosed by an acute stabbing pain in the back.It occurs due to compression of nerves under the influence of inflammation of surrounding tissue.
The most common site of pain is in the narrow space between the ribs on the back.Neuralgia occurs in childhood and adulthood.
Injections for back and waist pain
Today, the attending physician is guided in treatment by data from the scientific literature, his own experience and that of his colleagues, since there are no officially recommended standards for diagnosis and treatment of back pain by the Ministry of Health.
The following medications can be used to treat back pain:
- nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
- Steroid anti-inflammatory drugs;
- Muscle relaxants;
- chondroprotectant;
- Vasodilator, improve microcirculation;
- synthetic drugs;
- B vitamins.
NSAIDs
This group of drugs is indispensable for diseases of the musculoskeletal system.It is sold without a prescription.
The dosage forms include ointments, gels, tablets, suspensions, capsules, rectal suppositories, intravenous injections and intramuscular injections.
Regulation:
- An anti-inflammatory drug derived from phenylacetic acid derivatives with analgesic properties.Well tolerated and effective in relieving pain.Side effects include inhibition of proteoglycan synthesis in cartilage tissue and ulcerogenic properties, i.e. promotion of gastric ulcer formation.
- Sulfonamide anti-inflammatory drugs have analgesic effects.Differences from previous therapies include prevention of the destruction of proteoglycans and cartilage tissue, selective action on inflammatory mediators, thereby reducing the risk of gastric ulcers, and enhancing the effect of corticosteroids.Ideal for quick relief of acute pain.Side effects include the risk of toxic liver damage.
steroid anti-inflammatory drugs
Used when NSAIDs do not have the desired effect.
They act rapidly, have systemic anti-inflammatory effects and reduce pain in pathological lesions.The dosage forms include ointments, tablets, and injections for intramuscular injection, intravenous injection, and intra-articular injection.
Use in severe cases.They are only available by prescription because they have many side effects: weight gain, edema, osteoporosis, stomach and intestinal ulcers.
muscle relaxants
They are used only as part of complex treatment with other groups of drugs.The effect is based on muscle relaxation, i.e. they do not have a therapeutic effect in themselves.But muscle relaxation can help relieve pain from chronic spasms and improve the effectiveness of manual therapy, massage and physical therapy.
They can be used together with NSAIDs or in cases of intolerance or contraindications to them.
They should only be used with a doctor's prescription because they have side effects: sudden changes in blood pressure, convulsions, muscle weakness, and depressant effects on the central nervous system.
chondroprotectant
These include glucosamine and chondroitin preparations.Chondroitin promotes calcium retention and slows bone resorption.Glucosamine helps improve the function of affected joints by increasing the production of hyaluronic acid.Available as ointments, tablets, intramuscular injections, and intra-articular injections.Concomitant use with NSAIDs.They have few contraindications or side effects.
In this case, for best results, oral administration should be combined with parenteral administration:
- Intramuscular injection: one ampoule, 3 times a week for 1 to 2 months.
- Powder: dissolve in water and take half an hour before meals.Take one sachet daily for one to three months.
- Tablets: Take two tablets 3 times daily with food.
vasodilators
The drug, based on a deproteinized blood derivative of calf blood, helps dilate blood vessels, reducing nutritional and microcirculatory disorders by improving the delivery of oxygen and nutrients.Hypoxia is reduced in pathological lesions of radiculopathy, osteochondrosis and intervertebral hernia.It is available in tablet and injection form without a prescription.
Purine derivatives are administered intravenously in the morning and afternoon at a dose of 200-300 mg.Intramuscular injection, 2 to 3 times a day, 100mg each time.The tablets are taken at the same time as the injection to enhance the effect of the drug, 1 tablet 2 to 3 times daily.
B vitamins
Used as part of complex therapy.Use only three vitamins from this group.Thiamine participates in energy metabolism, improves the conduction of nerve impulses, relieves pain, and promotes the repair of intervertebral discs.Pyridoxine prevents hypoxia and improves nutrition of the intervertebral disc.Cyanocobalamin relieves inflammation, increases tissue nutrition, and restores the structure of nervous tissue.
It is available without a prescription.They have few contraindications or side effects.Available in tablet and injectable forms.Use one bottle daily for ten days.If the pain is not severe, use a regimen of 3 ampoules per week (every other day) for three to four weeks.
The above drugs should be used in combination according to the type of disease.But whatever it is, the main goal of treatment is to eliminate the pain at the root of the pathology, stop inflammation, and restore function to the musculoskeletal system.
The following are used as therapeutic measures:
- massage;
- manual therapy;
- physical therapy;
- physiotherapy;
- electrical nerve stimulation;
- therapeutic blockade;
- Decompression and surgical stabilization.
After completing the examination, the GP will prescribe appropriate treatment.If necessary, he will refer the patient to specialists: neurologist, gynecologist, urologist.
Back pain relief blocks
Performing a paravertebral block ensures the delivery of drugs directly to the pathological focus, which is the cause of acute pain.Patients experience immediate relief after performing the block.But it can only be done in a hospital setting and only by competent specialists.The pain relief is temporary but noticeable.The procedure also has diagnostic value.If the pain does not relieve immediately after lockdown, the cause has nothing to do with spinal disease.
Blockade can be performed at biologically active points in muscles and tendons, in the soft tissue surrounding the affected spinal segment, in nerve sheaths, ganglia, joints and articulations.In this case, the injection consists of one, two, three or more drugs.These may be local anesthetics, corticosteroids, NSAIDs, vitamins, ATP.The effectiveness of blockade for osteochondrosis, disc herniation, spondylosis and spondyloarthropathies, low back pain, radiculitis, acute and chronic pain of the spine is undeniable.
Blocking process
When blockade is performed with any of the above-mentioned drugs, the following are observed:
- Patients feel the effects immediately;
- There are almost no contraindications;
- Produce high concentrations of drugs specifically for pathological lesions.
Program description:
- Examine pathological lesions and locate the site of greatest pain;
- Place the patient prone;
- Treat the blocked area with an antiseptic;
- Anesthesia at the puncture site and administration of medication.
Contraindications to blockade are rare, but they do exist: pregnancy, individual intolerance to the drug, infection in the surgical area.
There are many ways to get rid of back pain.Not only should you rely on medications or injections to treat back and waist pain, but you should also keep home remedies in mind.First aid at home is to use cold compresses on the back (ice cubes in the refrigerator, frozen meat, dumplings in the refrigerator).Massage can relieve painful cramps.